{"id":13547,"date":"2025-12-28T08:13:26","date_gmt":"2025-12-28T08:13:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zeri-online.com\/?p=13547"},"modified":"2025-12-28T08:13:27","modified_gmt":"2025-12-28T08:13:27","slug":"nje-fjalim-qe-ndryshoi-kuben-ne-vitin-1961","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zeri-online.com\/index.php\/2025\/12\/28\/nje-fjalim-qe-ndryshoi-kuben-ne-vitin-1961\/","title":{"rendered":"Nj\u00eb fjalim q\u00eb ndryshoi Kub\u00ebn n\u00eb vitin 1961"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00eb historin\u00eb e shekullit XX ka momente q\u00eb ndryshojn\u00eb jo vet\u00ebm fatin e nj\u00eb vendi, por edhe ekuilibrat global\u00eb. 2 dhjetor 1961 ishte nj\u00eb prej tyre p\u00ebr Kub\u00ebn: dita kur, p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb fjalimi televiziv, Fidel Castro shpalli zyrtarisht karakterin socialist t\u00eb Revolucionit Kuban, duke vulosur drejtimin politik t\u00eb vendit dhe duke e kthyer ishullin n\u00eb nj\u00eb pik\u00eb referimi p\u00ebr konfliktet, aleancat dhe l\u00ebvizjet politike t\u00eb dekadave q\u00eb pasuan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"468\" height=\"339\" src=\"https:\/\/zeri-online.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/1000047259.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-13548\" srcset=\"https:\/\/zeri-online.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/1000047259.jpg 468w, https:\/\/zeri-online.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/1000047259-300x217.jpg 300w, https:\/\/zeri-online.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/1000047259-150x109.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 468px) 100vw, 468px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u00eb 2 dhjetor 1961, n\u00eb nj\u00eb fjalim televiziv me rastin e 5-vjetorit t\u00eb zbarkimit t\u00eb Granma-s, q\u00eb kishte nisur luft\u00ebn revolucionare, Fidel Castro mbajti nj\u00eb fjalim- shpallje historike drejtuar kombit kuban dhe opinionit nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar. Ai deklaroi: \u201cUn\u00eb jam marksist-leninist dhe do t\u00eb jem i till\u00eb deri n\u00eb dit\u00ebn e fundit t\u00eb jet\u00ebs sime.\u201d Kjo deklarat\u00eb shpalli zyrtarisht karakterin socialist t\u00eb Revolucionit Kuban. Ky moment nuk sh\u00ebnoi lindjen e rrug\u00ebs radikale t\u00eb revolucionit, por kristalizimin e tij vendimtar dhe publik, nj\u00eb \u00e7ast qart\u00ebsie t\u00eb thell\u00eb, i diktuar nga logjika e pashmangshme e luft\u00ebs s\u00eb klasave dhe agresioni imperialist.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Deklarata pasoi nj\u00eb periudh\u00eb p\u00ebrshkall\u00ebzimi t\u00eb p\u00ebrplasjes me Shtetet e Bashkuara dhe t\u00eb thellimit t\u00eb transformimeve shoq\u00ebrore brenda vet\u00eb Kub\u00ebs. Programi fillestar i revolucionit, i paraqitur n\u00eb fjalimin e Fidel Castros m\u00eb 1953 \u201cHistoria do t\u00eb m\u00eb jap\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00eb\u201d, ishte gjer\u00ebsisht nacionalist, anti-imperialist dhe me aspirata demokratike. Megjithat\u00eb, veprimet q\u00eb pasuan, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht Ligji radikal i Reform\u00ebs Agrare i majit 1959, q\u00eb shpron\u00ebsoi pronat e m\u00ebdha, si edhe reformat e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme urbane, sfiduan drejtp\u00ebrdrejt marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet kapitaliste t\u00eb pron\u00ebsis\u00eb. Kjo provokoi nj\u00eb reagim t\u00eb menj\u00ebhersh\u00ebm kund\u00ebrrevolucionar nga oligarkia kubane e zhvendosur dhe aleati i saj kryesor i jasht\u00ebm, imperializmi i Shteteve t\u00eb Bashkuara. Kjo dinamik\u00eb ilustron teorin\u00eb e revolucionit t\u00eb p\u00ebrhersh\u00ebm: nj\u00eb l\u00ebvizje q\u00eb synon sovranitet t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb komb\u00ebtar dhe drejt\u00ebsi shoq\u00ebrore n\u00eb nj\u00eb kuad\u00ebr neo-kolonial p\u00ebrplaset n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb pashmangshme me interesat e kapitalit nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar dhe bashk\u00ebpun\u00ebtor\u00ebve t\u00eb tij vendas. Revolucioni u p\u00ebrball me nj\u00eb zgjedhje t\u00eb qart\u00eb: ose t\u00ebrheqje dhe dor\u00ebzim p\u00ebrball\u00eb k\u00ebtyre forcave, ose avancim p\u00ebrmes \u00e7montimit t\u00eb shtetit kapitalist dhe marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve t\u00eb pron\u00ebsis\u00eb q\u00eb e mbanin at\u00eb. Pushtimi i Gjirit t\u00eb Derrave n\u00eb prill 1961, i orkestruar nga SHBA, sh\u00ebrbeu si katalizatori p\u00ebrfundimtar. Disfat\u00eb vendimtare e k\u00ebsaj force mercenare nga nj\u00eb popullsi kubane e mobilizuar, e organizuar n\u00eb milici popullore, d\u00ebshmoi p\u00ebrfundimisht se baza shoq\u00ebrore e revolucionit ishte klasa pun\u00ebtore, fshatar\u00ebsia dhe element\u00ebt progresist\u00eb. Ajo shkat\u00ebrroi \u00e7do mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb mbetur p\u00ebr bashk\u00ebjetes\u00eb paq\u00ebsore me pushtetin kapitalist t\u00eb Amerik\u00ebs s\u00eb Veriut.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Fjalimi i Castros ishte nj\u00eb akt i kalkuluar udh\u00ebheqjeje politike, i koh\u00ebzuar me vet\u00ebdije p\u00ebr simbolik\u00ebn e fuqishme t\u00eb p\u00ebrvjetorit t\u00eb ekspedit\u00ebs s\u00eb Granma-s. Ai p\u00ebrmbushi disa funksione strategjike ky\u00e7e. S\u00eb pari, konsolidoi unitetin e brendsh\u00ebm duke ofruar nj\u00eb korniz\u00eb ideologjike t\u00eb qart\u00eb, marksiz\u00ebm-leninizmin, p\u00ebr masat radikale q\u00eb tashm\u00eb ishin n\u00eb proces. Ky hap ndihmoi n\u00eb bashkimin e udh\u00ebheqjes revolucionare dhe baz\u00ebs s\u00eb saj masive rreth nj\u00eb doktrine koherente q\u00eb shkonte p\u00ebrtej kund\u00ebrshtimit t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb ndaj regjimit t\u00eb Batist\u00ebs apo Shteteve t\u00eb Bashkuara. S\u00eb dyti, sinjalizoi nj\u00eb rreshtim gjeopolitik p\u00ebrfundimtar me Bashkimin Sovjetik dhe bllokun socialist n\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00ebsi. N\u00eb kontekstin e Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Ftoht\u00eb dhe n\u00ebn presionin e ashp\u00ebr t\u00eb bllokad\u00ebs ekonomike amerikane, ky rreshtim ishte nj\u00eb domosdoshm\u00ebri p\u00ebr mbijetes\u00ebn materiale t\u00eb Kub\u00ebs, duke mund\u00ebsuar tregti thelb\u00ebsore, ndihm\u00eb ekonomike dhe mbrojtje ushtarake. S\u00eb treti, sh\u00ebrbeu p\u00ebr t\u00eb paraprir\u00eb dhe p\u00ebrkufizuar politikisht armikun. Deklarata hoqi \u00e7do paqart\u00ebsi rreth konfliktit themelor t\u00eb klasave. Forcat kund\u00ebrrevolucionare nuk mund t\u00eb pretendonin m\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb besueshme se po luftonin p\u00ebr nj\u00eb \u201cdemokraci\u201d t\u00eb paqart\u00eb kund\u00ebr tiranis\u00eb; ato u pozicionuan hapur si kund\u00ebrshtare t\u00eb socializmit, duke qart\u00ebsuar vijat e p\u00ebrplasjes p\u00ebr popullin kuban. Ky moment ndodhi n\u00eb nj\u00eb kontekst t\u00eb edukimit intensiv politik, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht pas p\u00ebrfundimit t\u00eb fushat\u00ebs s\u00eb shkrim-leximit t\u00eb vitit 1961, nj\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje monumentale emancipimi kulturor q\u00eb krijoi nj\u00eb qytetari m\u00eb t\u00eb nd\u00ebrgjegjshme politikisht dhe m\u00eb t\u00eb hapur ndaj ideve socialiste.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pasojat e k\u00ebsaj deklarate ishin t\u00eb menj\u00ebhershme dhe t\u00eb thella. P\u00ebr Kub\u00ebn, ajo vulosi trajektoren e shtetit revolucionar, duke \u00e7uar n\u00eb nacionalizimin e plot\u00eb t\u00eb industris\u00eb kryesore, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb pronat e mbetura amerikane, dhe n\u00eb konsolidimin e m\u00ebvonsh\u00ebm t\u00eb organizatave revolucionare t\u00eb integruara n\u00eb Partin\u00eb Komuniste t\u00eb Kub\u00ebs deri n\u00eb vitin 1965. Ajo siguroi themelin ideologjik p\u00ebr arritjet e m\u00ebvonshme t\u00eb pashembullta t\u00eb Kub\u00ebs n\u00eb sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsi dhe arsim. P\u00ebr marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet SHBA-Kub\u00eb, i dha qeveris\u00eb amerikane justifikimin formal p\u00ebr t\u00eb vendosur nj\u00eb embargo t\u00eb plot\u00eb ekonomike, tregtare dhe financiare n\u00eb shkurt 1962, nj\u00eb akt i vazhduesh\u00ebm lufte ekonomike q\u00eb synonte gjymtimin e ekonomis\u00eb kubane dhe p\u00ebrmbysjen e revolucionit, politik\u00eb q\u00eb vazhdon deri n\u00eb dit\u00ebt tona. P\u00ebr t\u00eb majt\u00ebn nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, Revolucioni Kuban, tashm\u00eb hapur socialist, u shnd\u00ebrrua n\u00eb nj\u00eb fener t\u00eb fuqish\u00ebm. Ai tregoi se nj\u00eb revolucion socialist i suksessh\u00ebm ishte i mundur n\u00eb Hemisfer\u00ebn Per\u00ebndimore, se mund t\u00eb mbrohej kund\u00ebr sulmit t\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb imperialist dhe se mund t\u00eb lindte organikisht nga nj\u00eb l\u00ebvizje e gjer\u00eb nacionaliste, e jo domosdoshm\u00ebrisht vet\u00ebm nga aparati tradicional i nj\u00eb partie komuniste. Kjo frym\u00ebzoi l\u00ebvizjet \u00e7lirimtare n\u00eb Amerik\u00ebn Latine, Afrik\u00eb dhe Bot\u00ebn e Tret\u00eb m\u00eb gjer\u00eb, duke paraqitur luft\u00ebn e armatosur dhe orientimin socialist si nj\u00eb alternativ\u00eb t\u00eb zbatueshme ndaj dominimit kolonial dhe var\u00ebsis\u00eb neo-koloniale. Rruga kubane theksoi agjencin\u00eb revolucionare t\u00eb fshatar\u00ebsis\u00eb n\u00eb aleanc\u00eb me klas\u00ebn pun\u00ebtore, rolin e nj\u00eb avangarde guerrile t\u00eb p\u00ebrkushtuar si katalizator i kryengritjes masive dhe potencialin e nj\u00eb udh\u00ebheqjeje revolucionare p\u00ebr t\u00eb arritur bindje komuniste p\u00ebrmes p\u00ebrvoj\u00ebs praktike t\u00eb luft\u00ebs anti-imperialiste.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00eb p\u00ebrfundim, deklarata e 2 dhjetorit 1961 p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsoi kuror\u00ebzimin ideologjik t\u00eb nj\u00eb procesi tashm\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar nga konflikti material dhe politik. Ishte momenti kur Revolucioni Kuban e njohu dhe e shpalli zyrtarisht natyr\u00ebn e tij thelb\u00ebsore, nj\u00eb natyr\u00eb e fark\u00ebtuar nga domosdoshm\u00ebria e mbrojtjes s\u00eb sovranitetit komb\u00ebtar p\u00ebrmes shpron\u00ebsimit t\u00eb klas\u00ebs kapitaliste. Ky akt e shnd\u00ebrroi Kub\u00ebn nga nj\u00eb ish-koloni rebele n\u00eb nj\u00eb front t\u00eb p\u00ebrkushtuar t\u00eb luft\u00ebs globale t\u00eb klasave, duke e vendosur at\u00eb si nj\u00eb simbol t\u00eb q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm rezistence, trash\u00ebgimia e s\u00eb cil\u00ebs e sfid\u00ebs dhe solidaritetit internacionalist vazhdon t\u00eb rezonoj\u00eb thell\u00eb n\u00eb mendimin dhe praktik\u00ebn e s\u00eb majt\u00ebs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>N\u00eb historin\u00eb e shekullit XX ka momente q\u00eb ndryshojn\u00eb jo vet\u00ebm fatin e nj\u00eb vendi, por edhe ekuilibrat global\u00eb. 2 dhjetor 1961 ishte nj\u00eb prej tyre p\u00ebr Kub\u00ebn: dita kur, p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb fjalimi televiziv, Fidel Castro shpalli zyrtarisht karakterin socialist t\u00eb Revolucionit Kuban, duke vulosur drejtimin politik t\u00eb vendit dhe duke e kthyer ishullin n\u00eb [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":13549,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13547","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-jeta"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.3 - 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